Acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease following liver transplantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common complications after liver transplantation (LTx). The incidence of ARF post-LTx varies between 48% and 94%; 8% to 17% of patients require renal replacement therapy (RRT). The most common cause of ARF early after LTx is ischemic acute tubular necrosis, followed later by cyclosporine toxicity and sepsis. Preoperative serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL and early hepatic allograft dysfunction are risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative ARF. Of patients with ARF due to the hepatorenal syndrome, approximately two-thirds will recover, although recovery may be delayed 3 months or longer after LTx. Mortality after LTx is affected modestly by the presence of ARF pretransplant (<2-fold increase), but increases markedly (up to 8-fold) in the face of ARF posttransplant. Mortality does not appear to be influenced by the mode of RRT used. The risk of CKD after LTx is approximately 18% at 5 years and increases to approximately 25% by 10 years after transplantation. Calcineurin inhibitor toxicity is the most common cause. Specific prognosticators for predicting CKD after LTx are presently lacking. The occurrence of CKD after LTx markedly impairs long-term survival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".