Evaluation of two commercial finite element packages for calculating AC losses in 2-D high temperature superconducting strips
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper compares the speed and accuracy of two commercial packages based on the finite element method (FEM) for calculating the AC losses in high temperature superconductors (HTS). The softwares investigated in this paper were COMSOL Multiphysics and FLUX 3D (2D module). This choice was motivated by 1) the ability of the packages to model the nonlinear resistivity of HTS (mandatory condition), 2) the possibility to extend the analysis to 3-D in the future, and 3) the possibility to solve the associate thermal problem (with additional modules). Nevertheless, in this paper, the analysis was restricted to 2-D and no thermal coupling. To generate objective comparisons, the base case of a 2-D rectangular strip was considered under three important regimes, i.e. 1) transport current, 2) perpendicular applied field, and 3) both excitations simultaneously. In all cases, the superconductor was modelled with a classical E-J power-law characteristic. The results are summarized in a number of graphics showing the sensitivity of each package to 1) the number of elements in the mesh, 2) the n-value in the power-law characteristic, and 3) the aspect ratio of the strip.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it