Wind Tunnel Studies on the Galloping of Lightly-Iced Transmission Lines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aerodynamics involved in the galloping of lightly-iced transmission lines were studied in a series of wind tunnel experiments. A representative section of a lightly-iced conductor produced in an outdoor freezing rain simulator was used throughout. In the first set of experiments aerodynamic loads were measured on a static model at different wind speeds and angles of attack. These experiments showed that the well-established den Hartog criterion does not predict an instability at wind speeds associated with transmission line galloping. A second set of experiments examined the effects of different steady rotational motions on the aerodynamic loads. Automated controls were used to rotationally oscillate the model in a repeatable manner at various angles of attack and rotational amplitudes as well as frequencies. The drag remained consistent with quasi-steady values, while the lift was affected by the rotational motion. This rotation-induced lift was enhanced by ice surface irregularities, but further studies were needed to fully assess its importance.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".