Tangdanite, a new mineral species from the Yunnan Province, China and the discreditation of ‘clinotyrolite’
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Tangdanite, ideally Ca 2 Cu 9 (AsO 4 ) 4 (SO 4 ) 0.5 (OH) 9 ·9H 2 O and monoclinic, is a new mineral species (IMA No. 2011-096) occurring in the Tangdan and Nanniping mines, southeast Dongchuan copper mining district, Dongchuan County, Kunming City Prefecture, Yunnan Province, P. R. China (26°11’N 103°51’E). The mineral is found in the oxidized zone (gossan) of an As-bearing Cu sulfide deposit and is clearly of supergene origin. Associated minerals are chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite, covellite, tennantite, enargite, cuprite, malachite, azurite, copper and brochantite. Crystals form radiating or foliated aggregates of flaky crystals up to 3 mm, flattened parallel to (100) and elongated along [001]. It is emerald green with a light green streak, translucent and has a pearly to silky lustre. It is sectile having perfect cleavage on {100} although neither parting nor fracture was observed. No fluorescence in long- or short-wave ultraviolet radiation was observed. The hardness is VHN 50 42.0−43.6, mean 42.8 kg mm −2 (2−2½ on the Mohs scale). The density measured by pycnometry is 3.22 g cm −3 (Ma et al. , 1980). The calculated density from the empirical chemical formula is 3.32 g cm −3 . The compatability index gives 1 − (K p /K c ) = −0.041 (good). The empirical formula (based on 36 O a.p.f.u) of tangdanite is Ca 2.05 Cu 9.08 (As 1.03 O 4 ) 4 (S 0.63 O 4 ) 0.5 (OH) 9 ·9H 2.04 O. The simplified formula is Ca 2 Cu 9 (AsO 4 ) 4 (SO 4 ) 0.5 (OH) 9 ·9H 2 O. The strongest five reflections in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [ d in Å( I ) ( hkl )] are: 4.782(100) ( 1 1), 4.333(71) (6 0 2), 5.263(54) ( 0 2), 3.949(47) (8 0 2) and 2.976(46) ( 1 1). The unit-cell parameters are a = 54.490(9), b = 5.5685(9), c = 10.4690(17) Å, β = 96.294(3) o , V = 3157.4(9) Å 3 , Z = 4. Its structure was solved and refined in space group C2/c , with R = 0.110.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it