Bibliographic record
Abstract
Study of the functional morphology of the temporal region of the Rhynchocephalia by means of the analysis of jaw musculature and bone structures in living lepidosaurians suggests that the streptostyly of the quadrate is a derived state in the Lepidosauria and that its origin may have been coupled with the loss of the M. pterygoideus atypicus. Further, this analysis supports the view that the retention of a fixed quadrate in early rhynchocephalians with an incomplete lower temporal bar may have been required for precise tooth occlusion and suggests that a solid lower temporal bar in later rhynchocephalians may have served as a brace to support the lateral side of the quadrate condyle and thus prevent it from twisting anteriorly rather than posteriorly during the jaw cycle. It is hypothesized that a common ancestor shared by the Rhynchocephalia and Squamata had a skull with an incomplete lower temporal bar but a rigid quadrate. It is also hypothesized that the presence of the anterior portion of the M. pterygoideus (MPT) is a primitive state, and that the size of the pterygoid flange may have been a good indicator of the presence of the anterior portion of the MPT in fossil reptiles. As in Sphenodon, if the mandible is able to move anteroposteriorly, it must retract first during the jaw cycle in those reptiles in which a pterygoid flange is retained.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".