Respiratory Ecology of Aquatic Macroinvertebratestween dissolved oxygen and invertebrate<sup>1</sup>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hypoxia (oxygen scarcity) is widespread in tropical freshwaters, particularly in dense swamps, and may be an important factor structuring benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Macroinvertebrates show a diversity of respiratory modes ranging from atmospheric breathing to tracheal gill breathing, and these adaptations affect their ability to use hypoxic water. The objectives of this study were to (a) describe the benthic macroinvertebrate community from ten swamp and river sires in Kibale National Park, Uganda, (b) determine the degree to which dissolved oxygen explains variation in abundance of respiratory groups (taxa with a similar respiratory mode) among sites, and (c) rest for significant seasonal variation in the abundance of the numerically dominant respiratory groups. Macroinvertebrates from monthly collections over a two‐year period were identified to the lowest taxonomic level necessary to place them in functional respiratory groups. Across all sites, both the relative and absolute abundance of atmospheric breathers (e.5, pulmonate snails and nepids) and mantle/ctenidia breathers (primarily fingernail clams) were negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen, while the abundance of tracheal gill breathers (e.g. anisopterans and zygopterans) was positively correlated with dissolved oxygen. We did not detect significant seasonal trends in catch per unit effort of numerically dominant respiratory groups. Dissolved oxygen concentration was a good predictor of the abundance of some respiratory groups and may be a key factor in maintaining the structure and diversity of these assemblages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".