Determination of arsenic species in a freshwater crustacean <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The arsenic species present in samples of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii caught in the area affected by the toxic mine‐tailing spill at Aznalcóllar (Seville, Southern Spain) were analyzed. The total arsenic contents ranged between 1.2 and 8.5 µg g −1 dry mass (DM). With regard to the different species of arsenic, the highest concentrations were for inorganic arsenic (0.34–5.4 µg g −1 DM), whereas arsenobetaine, unlike the situation found in marine fish products, was not the major arsenic species (0.16 ± 0.09 µg g −1 DM). Smaller concentrations were found of arsenosugars 1a (0.18 ± 0.11 µg g −1 DM), 1b (0.077 ± 0.049 µg g −1 DM), 1c (0.080 ± 0.089 µg g −1 DM), and 1d (0.14 ± 0.13 µg g −1 DM). The presence of two unknown arsenic species was revealed (U1: 0.058 ± 0.058 µg g −1 DM; U2: 0.12 ± 0.12 µg g −1 DM). No significant differences were seen with respect to the total arsenic contents between the sexes. However, significant differences in the total arsenic contents were revealed between the area affected by the spill and the area not affected, the contents being greater in the affected area. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.070 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".