Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion on feed intake, digesta flow and nutrient digestion in sheep with access to feed for limited time
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) infusion into the gastric artery increases feed intake, duodenal flow and amino acid supply to the small intestine of sheep. Four sheep in exp. 1 and five sheep in exp. 2 were fistulated with rumen and duodenal cannulae. Sheep in exp. 2 also had an ileal cannula. In both experiments animals were fed a diet of alfalfa pellets ad libitum for 8 h per day in a thermoneutral environment (20 ± 2 °C) and had free access to water and mineralized salt blocks. In exp. 1, VIP was infused at 1 nmol min −1 through a gastric-artery catheter for 10 min duration each hour for 3 h each day for 4 consecutive days. In exp. 2, VIP was infused at 1.5 nmol min −1 for 10 min duration each half-hour for 3 h each day for 7 consecutive days. Control sheep were infused with saline. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion increased (P < 0.05) feed intake by 14.3 and 26.1% in exp. 1 and exp. 2, respectively. In exp. 2, there was a positive regression (P < 0.01) between intake and duodenal passage of dry matter (DM) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.67), organic matter (OM) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.68), and amino acids (AA) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.85). The present results suggest that VIP may play a role as a physiological regulator of feed intake in sheep and also has potential to increase the supply of nutrients to the animal. Key words: Digesta passage, intake, sheep, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".