Bibliographic record
Abstract
The theme of this dossier of the Journal of Borderlands Studies is the transboundary landscape of the Schengen border. The Schengen border refers to the common external border of those European countries that signed the Schengen Agreement (1985/1990), which in 1999 became integrated in European Union (EU) legislation. The aim of the agreement is to create a zone of free movement, the so-called Schengen area, between the signatories and to harmonize the area's external border-control arrangements. It now comprises most of the EU member countries, excluding the United Kingdom, Ireland, Romania, and Bulgaria but including the non-members Norway, Iceland, and Switzerland. Besides Romania and Bulgaria, the Schengen area currently borders with Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Turkey, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia (FYROM), and Albania outside the EU. Russia had become a neighbor of the area in 2001, when Finland joined the agreement. A more dramatic shift took place with the extension of the land area that occurred with the addition of new member states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech, Slovakia, Hungary, and Slovenia) in December 2007 (see DeBardeleben 2005, 6-8).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".