Late-onset, Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Severe Neonatal Respiratory Failure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) at the age of 4 years among survivors of severe neonatal respiratory failure with and without congenital diaphragmatic hernia and to document the occurrence of late-onset or progressive SNHL among the survivors. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal secondary outcome study. SETTING: Multicenter Canadian study in 9 tertiary referral centers. PATIENTS: Eighty-one (89%) of ninety 4-year-old survivors born from 1994 to 1996 of > or =34 weeks gestation at birth with severe neonatal respiratory failure (2 oxygenation indices > or =25 at least 15 minutes apart). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Repeated audiologic measurements from birth to the age of 4 years with documentation of the entire cohort at 2 and 4 years of age. RESULTS: Forty-three (53%) of 81 tested 4-year-old survivors had SNHL; 28 (42%) of 66 without congenital diaphragmatic hernia and 15 (100%) of 15 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. High-frequency SNHL occurred in 65% of the patients. Of the 43 children with SNHL at 4 years, 30 (70%) had loss at 2 years, and 18 (60%) of these 30 had progressive loss between 2 and 4 years of age. For 13 children with SNHL onset after 2 years of age, the loss was less severe with lesser involvement of the lower frequencies. CONCLUSION: Survivors of severe neonatal respiratory failure frequently develop late-onset SNHL that may be progressive. Urgent investigation is required to enable further understanding and prevention of this problem. Severe neonatal respiratory failure should be an indication for long-term audiologic surveillance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".