Soft Tissue Amyloidoma of the Extremities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amyloidoma (tumoral amyloidosis) is defined as a solitary localized tumorlike deposit of amyloid, in the absence of systemic amyloidosis. Amyloidoma is the least common presentation of tissue amyloid deposition and may be of AL-type or AA-type. It has been reported in many anatomic sites including the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts, as well as internal viscera, the central nervous system, skin, breast, and soft tissues. Amyloidoma of soft tissues is extremely rare and occurs mainly in the mediastinum and abdomen. Soft tissue amyloidoma of the extremities is even more uncommon and, when strictly defined, only 11 such cases are reported in the English language to date. Most have been of AA-type and have occurred on the leg. Some have been associated with local trauma, surgery, infection, or peripheral vascular disease, and a few patients have been diabetic. We report the case of a soft tissue amyloidoma on the leg of an 85-year-old woman. Clinically, it was a subcutaneous nodule on the left shin, of approximately 4 years duration. Traumatic fat necrosis was suspected. On excision a firm gray/tan, lobulated, soft tissue mass, measuring 2.3 cm in greatest dimension, was observed. At the microscopic level, it was seen to consist mainly of amyloid, associated with a giant cell granulomatous reaction, a patchy lymphocytic infiltrate, and focal microcalcification. The features were those of a soft tissue amyloidoma of the extremity. Persistence of congophilia after pretreatment with permanganate in this case suggested the presence of AL amyloid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".