Sp1 Is a Co-activator with Ets-1, and Net Is an Important Repressor of the Transcription of CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase α
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis via the CDP-choline pathway is primarily regulated by CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT) encoded by the Pcyt1a and Pcyt1b genes. Previously, we identified an Ets-1-binding site located at -49/-47 in the promoter of Pcyt1a as an important transcriptional element involved in basal CTalpha transcription (Sugimoto, H., Sugimoto, S., Tatei, K., Obinata, H., Bakovic, M., Izumi, T., and Vance, D. E. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 19716-19722). In this study, we determined whether or not there were other important elements and binding proteins for basal CTalpha transcription in the Pcyt1a promoter, and if other Ets family proteins bind to the Ets-1-binding site. The results indicate the formation of a ternary complex with Ets-1 binding at -49/-47 and Sp1 binding at -58/-54 of the Pcyt1a promoter that is important for activating CTalpha transcription. When nuclear extracts of COS-7 cells expressing various Ets family repressors were incubated with DNA probes, binding of Net to the probes was observed. Net dose-dependently depressed the promoter-luciferase activity by 98%, even when co-expressed with Ets-1. RNA interference targeting Net caused an increase of endogenous CTalpha mRNA. After synchronizing the cell cycle in NIH3T3 cells, CTalpha mRNA increased at the S-M phase corresponding to an increase of Ets-1 mRNA and a decrease of Net mRNA. These results indicated that Net is an important endogenous repressor for CTalpha transcription.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".