Childhood Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To report a case of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) occurring in childhood with exclusively ocular involvement. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 12-year-old girl presented with mild bilateral conjunctival cicatrization, symblepharon, and peripheral inflammatory keratitis. No other mucosal or cutaneous involvement was present. The findings of an initial conjunctival biopsy with immunofluorescence study were negative for MMP. After a few recurrences of mild corneal and conjunctival inflammation, a second conjunctival biopsy was performed at a different site in the same eye, 30 months later. Only then was the diagnosis of MMP confirmed using positive direct immunofluorescence. The results of a systemic investigation for autoimmune vasculitis were negative. Therapy with dapsone was introduced, and a good response was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: MMP is an extremely rare condition in children. This case is the second one reported with exclusively ocular involvement. Despite its rarity in the pediatric age group, MMP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic conjunctival inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, a single negative biopsy should not exclude this diagnosis in a suspected clinical case, even in children. When a high degree of suspicion is present, a repeat biopsy may prove useful.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".