Bibliographic record
Abstract
A theory of polaron-hopping transport is studied in DNA in the presence of an electric field. The helix structure of DNA consists of a molecule of phosphoric acid, a molecule of sugar and a molecule of a nitrogen compound called a nitrogen base. The charge carriers are localized near the bases. Phonons are created due to internal motions such as changes in winding or the inclination angle of the helix. It is considered that, due to the interaction between a charge carrier and a phonon, a localized polaron is formed in the helix near a base. These internal motions also promote hopping of the localized polarons. By interacting with a phonon, the polaron undergoes a hopping process in the helix structure. We consider that the localized polaron sites are distributed randomly in both space and energy coordinates. A polaron hops from one site to another site in this space. Conduction is a result of many series of hops through this hopping space. This approach differs from the percolation method and others in the calculation of the conductivity. The present theory is used to explain the electric-field- and temperature-dependent conductivity experiments of DNA. A good agreement is found between theory and experiments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".