Estimation of faecal output, digestibility, and intake using a controlled release capsule of alkanes in early and late lactation dairy cows fed two levels of concentrate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thirty-two dairy cows (663 ± 70; kg of BW ± SD) were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the controlled release alkane capsule (CRC; C32 and C36) to estimate digestibility and dry matter (DM) intake in early and late lactation for diets based on low (LC, 30%) or high (HC, 60%) proportions of concentrate. Cows were dosed orally with a CRC into the rumen and digestibility was measured by total collection and estimated from the ratios of alkanes in the diet and faeces. Recoveries of endogenous (C31 and C33) and exogenous (C32 and C36) alkanes were higher and lower, respectively, for LC compared with HC. The effects of diet and the interaction between diet and lactation stage were well estimated (P < 0.05) when measured released rates of C32 and C36 were used to estimate DM digestibility although estimation with both alkanes indicated an effect of lactation stage, which was not observed when using data of measured DM digestibility. The faecal ratio of C31/C32 or C33/C32 showed no diet effect on DM intake estimation while measured DM intake was 22.6% higher for cows fed HC than for those fed LC. In conclusion, estimation of DM intake was inadequate although digestibility of DM was estimated from alkanes contained in the CRC. Key words: Dairy cows, alkane, intake
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".