Effect of Weld Residual Stress Fitting on Stress Intensity Factor for Circumferential Surface Cracks in Pipe
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the crack growth of primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) is mainly driven by the weld residual stress (WRS) within the dissimilar metal weld. The existing stress intensity factor (K) solutions for surface cracks in pipe typically require a fourth order polynomial stress distribution through the pipe wall thickness. However, it is not always possible to accurately represent the through thickness WRS with a fourth order polynomial fit and it is necessary to investigate the effect of the WRS fitting on the calculated Ks. In this paper, two different methods were used to calculate the K for a semi-elliptical circumferential surface crack in a pipe under a given set of simulated WRS. The first method is the universal weight function method (UWFM) where the through thickness WRS distribution is represented as a piece-wise monotonic cubic fit. In the second method, the through thickness WRS profiles are represented as a fourth order polynomial curve fit (both using the entire wall thickness data and only using data up to the crack-tip). In addition, three-dimensional finite element (FE) analyses (using the simulated weld residual stress) were conducted to provide a reference solution. The results of this study demonstrate the potential sensitivity of Ks to fourth order polynomial fitting artifacts. The piece-wise WRS representations used in the UWFM were not sensitive to these fitting artifacts and the UWFM solutions were in good agreement with the FE results. In addition, in certain cases, it was demonstrated that more accurate crack growth calculations of PWSCC are made when the UWFM is used.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".