Sodium azide interference in chemical and biological testing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper discusses the results of sodium azide interference encountered during lab-scale studies in which sodium azide was used as a microbial growth inhibitor. In separate tests to evaluate the oxidation of naphthalene by various oxidants, the disappearance of naphthalene in batch experiments containing chlorine was negligible after 12 d of incubation. However, 38% and 77% disappearance of naphthalene was observed when 11 mg/L of sodium azide was present in solutions containing 19.5 mg/L and 52.5 mg/L total chlorine, respectively. Chlorine was consumed faster in the batch studies containing sodium azide. Increasing levels of azide in solution also resulted in lower naphthalene and chlorine levels. In a separate set of experiments, sodium azide interfered with nitrate quantification and produced nitrate levels that were progressively lower with increasing azide concentrations. The decrease in nitrate was caused by reactions of sodium azide with nitrite formed during cadmium reduction. In both cases, sodium azide was added to the test solution either to prevent microbial growth or to inhibit existing microbial activity. These tests demonstrate that azide could potentially interfere in chemical and biological testing. Key words: sodium azide, inhibition, interference.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".