A Smart Biological Signal-Responsive Focal Drug Delivery System for Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new biological signal-responsive implantable device that triggers direct an anticonvulsive drug into the epileptogenic zone at electrographic seizure onset. We describe the high-performance seizure-onset detection algorithm, low-power circuit technique and focal drug delivery system. The implantable device is composed of a preamplifier, a signal processor, a seizure detector and a micropump. The device records high quality intracerebral electroencephalographic (icEEG) signals using high conductive electrodes and a low noise preamplifier. The recorded signal is processed continuously using low-power technique to detect onset of seizures accurately. The low-power miniaturized micropump is able to deliver sufficient amount of anticonvulsive drug in a short duration (50µL/sec) to epileptogenic zone. The detection algorithm was validated with Matlab tools and a prototype device was assembled with discrete components in a circular (Ø 40 mm) printed circuit board. The device was validated offline using the icEEG recordings obtained from 3 drug-resistant epilepsy patients. The average seizure detection delay was 10 sec from electrographic seizure onset, well before seizure progression to adjacent functional cortex.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it