Potential of St. John's wort as antistress medication
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic stress is thought to be a risk factor for psychosomatic psychiatric illnesses, such as anxiety and depression disorders [1]. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mechanisms of action of St. John's wort (SJW) extract (STW 3-VI) in a chronic restraint stress (CRS) model using male Sprague-Dawley rats. Markers of antioxidant capacity, such as SOD, GPx and catalase (CAT) in brain tissues, and plasma hormone levels (ACTH, corticosterone), as well as inflammatory markers such as IL-6, TNF-α and C-reactive protein were determined in addition to behavioral changes. Our first results show that CRS (1h for 21 consecutive days) significantly decreased open field activity in chronically stressed rats, which could be reversed by fluoxetine and SJW treatment (Control unstressed: 3349±433mm/5min; Control stressed: 1740±283mm/5min, p<0.01; fluoxetine 10mg/kg stressed 2949±443mm/5min, p<0.05; SJW 250mg/kg stressed: 2630±390mm/5min, p<0.05; SJW 500mg/kg stressed: 2615±358mm/5min, p<0.05). In addition, CRS significantly decreased thymus and spleen indices in CRS treated controls (Control unstressed: 1.64±0.07; 2.41±0.09 vs. Control stressed: 1.21±0.03; 2.10±0.06, p<0.01). However, treating stressed rats with fluoxetine or SJW extract produced a significant and dose dependent increase in both thymus and spleen indices. In addition, SJW or fluoxetine significantly reduced stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone and ACTH levels. Furthermore, the administration of fluoxetine prevented the stress-induced increase in IL-6 levels. Compared to fluoxetine, SJW resulted in a small but significant decrease in IL-6 levels. Our data provide new insight into the effects of stress on neuroimmunological and antioxidative parameters as well as into the mechanisms of action of St. John's wort.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".