Liquid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">3</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">e</mml:mi></mml:math>Thermomechanical Effect in Regular Cylinders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have measured the normal liquid $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ thermomechanical effect with the liquid confined in the regular 210 nm diameter cylinders of Anopore. The pressure difference resulting from the temperature difference was $\ensuremath{\Delta}P/\ensuremath{\Delta}T=25\text{ }\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{K}$, independent of temperature, from 0.7 to 12 mK. This value was $100\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}$ the theoretical value and $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}$ the result with a packed powder constriction. Two monolayers of $^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ did not change the value, but four monolayers reduced it by 2 orders of magnitude; the high value was therefore attributed to boundary scattering from magnetic $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ surface layers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.177 | 0.102 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".