Host–Pathogen Interactions Among Barley Genotypes and <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Isolates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spot blotch, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is a damaging foliar disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and other cereal grains in Canada. In order to deploy resistance as an effective management tool, information on the virulence diversity present in the local population of the pathogen is necessary. Speculation regarding the presence of differential virulence versus continuous aggressiveness in B. sorokiniana isolates was begun when isolates with differential virulence on the barley cv. Bowman and its derivatives were reported in North Dakota. To further evaluate the H. vulgare-B. sorokiniana interaction model, the infection responses induced by 127 isolates of the pathogen collected from Canada and other parts of the world were analyzed on 12 differential barley lines using quantitative approaches. Analysis of the data based on infection response elicited on the barley differentials resulted in an enhanced understanding of the host-pathogen interactions and in the relationships among isolates, compared with the classical method of pathotype identification. The population of B. sorokiniana was determined to consist of three distinct pathogenic groups (having low virulence, differential virulence, and virulence with varying levels of aggressiveness). The results of the various quantitative approaches indicated that complex interactions exist among barley genotypes and B. sorokiniana isolates of the third pathogenic group which cannot be analyzed easily using the classical method of pathotype identification. It also was inferred that the gene-for-gene model is not the principal system operating in the H. vulgare-B. sorokiniana pathosystem, although this plays a role in some interactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".