ECRIS charge breeding: High resolution spectra and emittance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The charge breeding process, consisting of a low charge state ion beam (1+) plasma capture followed by a multi-ionization process, has been developed for more than ten years in LPSC Grenoble (previously ISN) using ECRIS. The challenge has been to optimize the 1+ capture and then the reextraction of the multicharged ions produced, keeping a “reasonable ECRIS working.” There are now three ECRIS PHOENIX Booster in the world (LPSC-Grenoble, CLRC-Daresbury, and TRIUMF-Vancouver). The LPSC-ECRIS has recently been set up in a completely renewed test bench equipped with a high resolution n+ mass spectrometer and a high resolution emittance meter. The CLRC-ECRIS is dedicated to online experiments with radioactive ions at REX-ISOLDE and the TRIUMF-ECRIS will soon be ready to undergo a validation process. We will present the preliminary results obtained with the new setup of the LPSC PHOENIX Booster with a special attention to the 1+ emittance and the characterization of the unwanted beams (usually called “impurities” by the RIB production specialists) present in a spectrum of a non-UHV ECRIS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".