What Is an Ideal Islamic Government? Transformation of Ayatollah Khomeini’s Governmental Theory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ayatollah Khomeini is famous for the theory of Islamic Government or Guardianship of the Jurists, and the Islamic Revolution. But his ever first political book known as “Kashf al Asrar” or “Revealing of the Secrets” written in 1940s shows that his politico-juridical opinion had been different before his exile to Iraq in 1960s and it, then, experienced a kind of radical change. In the current article, the researchers evaluate the main elements of Ayatollah’s governmental theory, his desired model of government in each book and the fundamental differences from the first work to the second one. In addition, the researchers investigate the effects of his personal experiences as well as Shi’a main paradigm of political jurisprudence in formation, formulation, and transformation of his thoughts and the degree of compatibility of his thoughts with his predecessors. The research reveals that his main concern in “Kashf al Asrar” was answering to the question that how should we govern, and then in Islamic Government he puts the question of, who should govern and what characteristics such a person should obtain in advance. These kinds of questions, in each book, were the result of a different juridical paradigm of thoughts that he had adopted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.028 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".