Antistress and antioxidant activity in mice after repeated treatment with St. John's wort extracts of different hyperforin content
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent data from several reports indicate that free radicals are involved in the biochemical mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders in humans [1]. These reports suggest that there is a therapeutic benefit from antioxidant supplementation in manic-depressive patients [1,2]. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant capacity of chemically different St. John's wort (SJW) extracts using the ORAC assay and to determine in vivo the effect of subchronic treatment with the SJW extracts on antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in mouse brain homogenates as well as erythrocyte lysates. Temperature stress (50°C) applied to SJW extracts significantly lowered the amount of hyperforin (extract A, no temperature stress, 3.26% hyperforin; extract B, 50°C for 8 days, 1.37% hyperforin; extract C, 50°C for 19 days, 0.14% hyperforin). The amount of hypericin only marginally changed under these conditions, no changes were observed for the flavonoids. The ORAC values for extract A, B and C ranged from 11.89 to 12.50µmol of TE/g of dried weight; the results correlate with published data [3]. The decrease of hyperforin in the SJW extracts did not affect their in vitro antioxidant capacity which, therefore seems to be related to its phenolic compounds. Extract B and C increased enzyme activities in mouse brain homogenates (SOD, CAT, 41% and 44% vs. control) and erythrocytes lysates (GSH-Px, 56% and 61% vs. control) after 14 days of daily treatment comparable to fluoxetine and buspirone, indicating greater reduction of oxidative stress. References: [1] Herken, H. et al. (2007) Arch Med Res 38: 247–252. [2] Ozcan, M.E., (2004) Int Clin Psychopharmacol 19: 89–95. [3] Zheng, W. et al. (2001) J Agricul Food Chem 49: 5165–5170
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".