The responseof plasma leptin and feed intake to growth hormone administration in Holstein calves with different planes of nutrition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was conducted to observe the effect of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1(/IGF-1) axis on leptin and feed intake of 15 Holstein calves in three groups. One group was fed a normal diet (control); the second group, with high nutrition after low feeding with bovine growth hormone (bGH), and a third group, without high nutrition (saline) after low feeding. Each group was intramuscularly (i.m.) injected daily with bovine GH (200 µg kg-1 d-1) or saline solution for 10 d. No significant differences were found in the concentrations of plasma leptin over time for a 24-h period. Plasma leptin was decreased in both saline and GH groups during low and high nutrition regimes, respectively, while IGF-1 levels increased for both nutrition regimes (P < 0.05). With GH treatment during refeeding periods (P < 0.05), leptin levels increased and feed intake decreased; however, the plasma leptin levels slightly decreased with GH treatment during low feeding periods. The plasma IGF-1 concentration increased with GH administration during normal and refeeding periods (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the response of plasma leptin levels to GH varied according to the nutritional condition. In addition, the GH/IGF-1-induced increase in leptin production during the refeeding period may serve as a signal to reduce the feed intake or to increase dramatically after feed restriction in cattle. Key words: Feed intake, growth hormone, leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1, Holstein calves
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".