A Miscible WAG Project Using Horizontal Wells in a Mature, Offshore, Carbonate Middle East Reservoir
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper summarizes the design, operation, results, and reservoir modeling of a miscible hydrocarbon gas injection pilot using horizontal wells in the Fateh Mishrif, a large carbonate reservoir in an offshore operating environment.The pilot included a single horizontal water-alternating-gas (WAG) injector flanked by two horizontal producers drilled near the base of the reservoir.The three-well pattern was surrounded by four water injectors which provided confinement and pressure control.Produced gas from the field was used for injection without supplemental enrichment. The pilot began operations in 1997. Commencing in 1999, gas was injected in three cycles over a period of four years. A clear incremental oil rate response to the gas injection was first observed in early 2003, peaking with a 400% incremental oil rate increase from the two producers. Pilot results have been history matched with a compositional reservoir model to reconcile reservoir characterization interpretations and to provide prediction of ultimate recovery. Incremental recovery over waterflood operations is predicted to be 6% of original oil-in-place for 0.15 hydrocarbon pore volumes of gas injection.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it