Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stiffness in primary (idiopathic) frozen shoulders has been attributed to a global fibroplasia of the capsule despite the fact surgical release of the capsule at the rotator interval and of the coracohumeral ligament restores motion in almost all patients. Occurrence of vimentin, a cytocontractile protein known to be present in Dupuytren's contracture and in club-feet, has been reported in resection specimens of anterior capsular structures. We hypothesized vimentin would occur only in the anterior structures but fibroplasia would occur throughout the capsule. Tissues removed from four patients were stained with antibodies against vimentin, allowing us to confirm its presence in only in anterior capsular structures, supporting our first hypothesis contracture is due to a selective involvement of the anterior capsule. Staining the sections against types I and III collagen permitted the detection of both collagens in the anterior and the posterior capsular structures and thus confirmed our second hypothesis that fibroplasia involves the entire joint capsule. Therefore it seems, in patients with primary frozen shoulder, fibroplasia and contracture are two distinct processes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".