A novel filtration system for polyethylene glycol solutions used in the osmotic method of controlling suction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the problems encountered when using the osmotic technique of controlling suction is related to the possible crossing of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules through the semipermeable membrane. Of the various hypotheses proposed, the paper considers the hypothesis that the PEG solutions are not pure enough and have molecules that are small enough to cross the semipermeable membrane. The paper presents a novel PEG purification system in which two solutions at different concentrations are put in contact through a semipermeable membrane along a large exchange surface. A peculiarity of the system is that it creates two opposite fluxes through the membrane, where small PEG molecules go from the higher concentration solution towards the lower concentration solution, and water migrates in the opposite direction. It has been observed that a small quantity of small molecules of PEG 6000 crossed the molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) 3500 semipermeable membrane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".