A magnetic resonance study of water uptake in whole barley kernels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The water uptake by barley kernels was followed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. A model was used to explain the first 7 h of imbibition. Measurement of the 1H spin-lattice relaxation rate, R1, showed that during the first 7 h of imbibition, water uptake is dominated by a purely diffusive process with a dependence, where D is the diffusion constant and t is time. While increasing during the first 7 h of imbibition, R1 slowly but continuously decreased afterwards. The observed changes in R1 with imbibition time allowed discrimination between the first two phases in water uptake, as generally observed in germinating seeds. The second phase was characterized by a slow but continuous decrease in R1, indicating a redistribution of water within the kernel. Observed spin-lattice relaxation rates, R1, were treated as a superposition of rates from water molecules in two different physical phases; a mobile and a less mobile phase. Using the Stokes–Einstein–Debye theory for viscosity, the overall water viscosity within the kernel was determined using the two-phase model to describe water mobility.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".