Persisting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in aquaporin-4 antibody negative pediatric neuromyelitis optica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently we showed that antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) can be found in aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoglobulin (IgG) seronegative pediatric and adult patients with definite and high-risk neuromyelitis optica (NMO). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and temporal dynamics of MOG-IgG in AQP4-IgG seronegative pediatric patients presenting with definite NMO. METHODS: Children with definite NMO who were referred for further testing of serum antibodies for AQP4 and MOG with a cell-based assay were included in this study. Clinical disease course, cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2012 eight children who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of definite NMO were recruited. Two children with definite NMO tested positive for AQP4-IgG but were negative for MOG-IgG antibodies. Three children had an absence of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG antibodies. Three children with definite NMO had high titers of serum MOG-IgG antibodies (≥1: 160), but no AQP4-directed humoral immune response. Longitudinal analysis of serum samples of the latter three children showed persisting high MOG-IgG titers over time. CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients presenting with clinical symptoms and MRI findings highly suggestive of NMO but with high and persisting MOG-IgG antibody titers are most likely to represent a distinct subgroup of acute demyelinating diseases with important clinical and therapeutic implications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".