Press, Public Sphere, and Pluralism: Multiculturalism Debates in Canadian English-Language Newspapers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Editorials, journalists' columns, op-eds, and letters to editors on multiculturalism published by nine newspapers in 2006 are examined. The qualitative content analysis is carried out under four categories: values, identity, and citizenship; societal integration and disintegration; terrorism, multiculturalism, and Muslims; and multiculturalism in other countries. Some of the most prominent journalists in Canada wrote about multiculturalism. Critics of the policy focused their opposition on the appearance of the symbolic aspects of minority religions in the public sphere as well as on their perceptions about the encouragement that multiculturalism afforded members of minority groups prone to terrorism. Muslims served as lightning rods for writers who were against the policy. But apart from such criticism, there were many articles that sought to bring multi-generational Canadians and newcomers to work towards accommodating each other's cultures. The overall findings of this study indicate that, compared to coverage of the policy in the 1980s, the media debate on this topic has shifted in favour of maintaining Canadian multiculturalism and making suggestions for improvements in areas where there appear to be problems. Cette étude porte sur des éditoriaux, des articles de journaux, des chroniques et commentaires des pages «op-ed» et des lettres à l'éditeur portant sur la politique multiculturelle et publiés dans neuf journaux en 2006. L'analyse qualitative du contenu comprend quatre catégories : d'abord valeurs, identité et citoyenneté, en second intégration et désintégration sociale, ensuite terrorisme, multiculturalisme et les musulmans, et enfin le multiculturalisme dans d'autres pays. Quelques journalistes parmi les plus éminents au Canada ont écrit sur la question multiculturelle. Des critiques de cette politique ont concentré leur opposition sur l'apparence des aspects symboliques de religions minoritaires dans la sphère publique aussi bien que sur leurs perceptions de l'encouragement que le multiculturalisme donnait aux membres de groupes minoritaires enclins au terrorisme. Les musulmans ont servi de cible aux auteurs qui étaient contre cette politique. Mais, en dehors de ce genre de critique, de nombreux articles ont cherché à rassembler les Canadiens de naissance depuis une génération ou plus et les nouveaux arrivants autour d'un projet qui donne place aux cultures des uns et des autres. Les résultats globaux de cette étude indiquent que, en comparaison avec la politique des années 1980, le débat médiatique à ce sujet a évolué vers le maintien du multiculturalisme canadien et suggéré des améliorations là où il semble y avoir des problèmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.032 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.025 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".