A high-order curvature compensation technique for bandgap voltage reference using subthreshold MOSFETs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A bandgap voltage reference with high-order curvature compensation is presented in this study. It exploits subtraction and derivative equalisation of currents generated from two complementary NMOS and PMOS bandgap references (BGRs) using subthreshold MOSFETs. By equating the derivative with respect to temperature of the two currents, generated by the complementary bandgaps, and subtracting these currents, an accurate high-order curvature compensation is achieved. To overcome problems due to the limited input common-mode range of opamps used in BGRs, a transimpedance amplifier with new accurate current compensation that tracks the temperature variation is proposed. This bandgap is implemented using the 0.18 μm CMOS process with a supply voltage as low as 0.7 V. At 0.8 V power supply and an output reference voltage of 386 mV, the proposed circuit achieves a temperature coefficient of 19 ppm/°C from 0 to 130°C. The power consumption is 119 μW and the power supply reduction ratio is 24 dB at 1 kHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".