Antagonistic Smad transcription factors control the dauer/non-dauer switch in <i>C. elegans</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The C. elegans daf-8 gene encodes an R-Smad that is expressed in a subset of head neurons, the intestine, gonadal distal tip cells and the excretory cell. We found that DAF-8, which inhibits the DAF-3 Co-Smad, is associated with DAF-3 and the DAF-14 Smad in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of daf-8 conferred a dauer-defective phenotype and suppressed constitutive dauer formation in daf-8 and daf-14 mutants. In contrast to mammalian systems described thus far, active DAF-3 drives a feedback regulatory loop that represses transcription of daf-7 (a TGFbeta ligand) and daf-8 by directly binding to their regulatory regions. Hence, DAF-8 and DAF-3 are mutually antagonistic. The feedback repression may reinforce the developmental switch by allowing DAF-3 to freely activate dauer transcription in target tissues, unless sufficiently inhibited by DAF-8 and DAF-14. In the adult, DAF-8 downregulates lag-2 expression in the distal tip cells, thus promoting germ line meiosis. This function does not involve DAF-3, thereby avoiding the feedback loop that functions in the dauer switch.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".