Edge effects on survival and behaviour of juvenile red squirrels (<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Much research has examined parasitism and predation rates on avian nests within the context of edge effects. Few studies, however, have considered the influence that behavioural compensation for high predation risk may have on subsequent survival rates and edge effects. We attempted to determine whether juvenile red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) experience edge effects by comparing the survival and behaviour of individuals born along a forest edge with those of individuals born in the forest interior. A combination of telemetry, direct observation, and livetrapping was used to determine the fate of juveniles born during the summers of 1987 through 1998 and the behaviour of juveniles born during the summers of 1997 and 1998 in Kluane, Yukon. There were no differences in survival between edge and interior juveniles from birth to emergence but there was a trend towards higher survival rates for edge juveniles from emergence to weaning. Behavioural differences between edge and interior juveniles were consistent with these survival differences: edge juveniles spent less time travelling and foraging and more time resting near the time of weaning than did interior juveniles. Edge and interior mothers differed little behaviourally during the early emergence period. The significant differences in juvenile behaviour which we found suggest that behaviour may indeed moderate differences in predation risk between edge and interior habitats and thus should be considered in other studies that examine the influence of edges on survival or nest predation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".