Entrance Effect and Gas-Film Mass-Transfer Coefficient in a Large-Diameter Packed Column
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of the bed height and the entrance section below the packing support on mass transfer in a 1.2-m diameter packed bed of 50-mm ceramic Intalox saddles were investigated under various gas flow rates from 1957 to 7828 kg·h -1 ·m -2 and liquid flow rates from 12 200 to 46 700 kg·h -1 ·m -2 . The entrance effect accounted for 17% of the overall water vapor transferred from moist air to a calcium chloride solution in the tower, regardless of the packing height. For a 0.91-m high bed, the average mass-transfer coefficient was directly proportional to the gas rate and was proportional to the liquid rate to the power of 0.24. For a 1.8-m high bed, the average mass-transfer coefficient was proportional to the gas rate to the power of 0.89 and appeared to be independent of the liquid rate. The height of a transfer unit (HTU) for 50-mm ceramic Intalox saddles remained relatively constant under various gas rates used in the present study. The HTU was about 0.5 m for the short bed and 0.8 m for the tall bed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".