Awakening Cortisol Response in Lean, Obese, and Reduced Obese Individuals: Effect of Gender and Fat Distribution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess the awakening cortisol response (ACR) in obese and reduced obese men and women. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Fifty-one men (16 lean, 19 abdominally obese, and 16 reduced obese) and 31 women (12 lean, 10 subcutaneously obese, and 9 reduced obese) were selected to participate to this study. Strict ranges of BMI and waist circumference were used to select the participants. Medical examination, psychological assessment, anthropometric measurements, and blood sampling were undergone at the laboratory. Cortisol response to awakening was determined with saliva cortisol sampling being taken immediately at the time of awakening and 30 minutes thereafter over 3 days within a period of 2 months. RESULTS: Men with visceral obesity exhibited an enhanced ACR, whereas this response tends to return to normal in a reduced obese state. In women, peripheral fat accumulation does not modify ACR, but weight loss increased the response. DISCUSSION: These results highlight gender effects on ACR of obese and reduced obese subjects, which could be accounted for by the different fat distribution profiles that characterize men and women. They also provide further support for the usefulness of ACR in assessing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity status.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".