Family Support Needs as Perceived by Parents of Preadolescents and Adolescents Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Little has been documented about the needs for information, guidance, and support of parents of school-age children with hearing loss, particularly those whose children are about to enter or are in the often turbulent stage of adolescence. The purpose of this study was to provide new knowledge about the specific needs of parents of adolescents and preadolescents who have a wide range of hearing losses. Participants were parents whose children were registered with the audiology clinic of one health unit in the province of British Columbia, Canada. In the first stage, parents were asked to complete questionnaires concerning background information and family support needs. Because of the developmental stage that was the focus of the study, only surveys pertaining to children aged 10–18 years (N = 38) were considered. In the second stage, survey respondents were asked to join one of two focus groups (N = 7 and 8 parents, respectively) to further explore issues raised in the survey findings. The overall findings from the focus groups, supported by the survey findings, are that parents of school-aged children with a range of hearing losses continue to have pressing concerns regarding various aspects of raising children – particularly adolescents. There are four predominant findings: (1) parents' needs for various types of information, including information about their child's development (e.g., cognitive and social–emotional aspects); (2) parents' continuing need for a family-centred approach to service provision, beyond early intervention; (3) parents' concerns about education and future opportunities for their children; and (4) concerns regarding parenting deaf or hard-of-hearing children with additional needs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".