The nuclear autoantigen CENP‐B displays cytokine‐like activities toward vascular smooth muscle cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A growing number of intracellular autoantigenic polypeptides have been found to play a second biologic role when they are present in the extracellular medium. We undertook this study to determine whether the CENP-B nuclear autoantigen could be added to this set of bifunctional molecules. METHODS: Purified CENP-B or CENP-B released from apoptotic cells was tested for surface binding to a number of human cell types by cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and indirect immunofluorescence. The biologic effects of CENP-B on the migration, interleukin secretion, and signaling pathways of its specific target cells were evaluated. RESULTS: CENP-B was found to bind specifically to the surface of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and not to fibroblasts or endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, CENP-B bound preferentially to SMCs of the contractile type rather than to SMCs of the synthetic type. Binding of CENP-B to SMCs stimulated their migration during in vitro wound healing assays, as well as their secretion of interleukins 6 and 8. The mechanism by which CENP-B mediated these effects involved the focal adhesion kinase, Src, ERK-1/2, and p38 MAPK pathways. Finally, CENP-B released from apoptotic ECs was found to bind to SMCs, thus indicating a plausible in vivo source of extracellular CENP-B. CONCLUSION: These novel biologic roles of the nuclear autoantigen CENP-B open up a new perspective for studying the pathogenic role of anti-CENP-B autoantibodies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".