Power grid planning and operation with higher penetration of intermittent
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MISO is responsible for running electricity markets and maintaining the reliable transmission of power in 12 States and the Canadian Province of Manitoba. It is one of the largest power grid system operators in the world, with a peak load of 104, 508 MW (July 20, 2011) in its Reliability Coordination footprint. MISO runs day-ahead and realtime co-optimized energy and ancillary service markets, as well as markets for financial transmission rights and resource adequacy. With regulatory mandates and the administration's energy policy, MISO has seen significant increases in the number of intermittent interconnection requests, mainly from wind generation. As of fall of 2011, the wind operational capacity has exceeded 11,000MW, and is still growing. The variability of these intermittent resources introduces new operational challenges. At the same time, new proposed environmental regulations for power plants could accelerate retirement of the conventional power plants, mainly coal and oil-fired resources, thus adversely affecting grid reliability and increasing electricity costs for consumers. The combination of the high penetration of the intermittent resources and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rules brought challenges to planning, reliability and market operation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".