Cooperative Regulation of the Induction of the Novel Antibacterial Listericin by Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein LE and the JAK-STAT Pathway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intracellular bacteria cause serious infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, shigellosis, and listeriosis. The Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-LE functions as an important host pattern recognition receptor against intracellular bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes. One PGRP-LE-mediated intracellular response against L. monocytogenes infection is the induction of autophagy, a conserved intracellular degradation system. Here, to further elucidate PGRP-LE-mediated intracellular innate immune responses, we performed a strategic microarray analysis and identified the Listericin gene, whose expression is induced in response to L. monocytogenes infection in a PGRP-LE-dependent manner. RNA interference and overexpression experiments demonstrated that Listericin gene induction is cooperatively regulated by PGRP-LE and the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription) pathway. An in vitro cell culture assay showed that Listericin is secreted as processed forms and suppresses the growth of L. monocytogenes and Gram-negative bacteria. A colony formation unit assay clearly demonstrated that induction of the Listericin gene suppresses not only the growth of L. monocytogenes but also the growth of Gram-negative bacteria in vivo. Based on these findings, we propose that the Listericin gene encodes a novel antibacterial peptide-like protein whose induction is cooperatively regulated by PGRP-LE and the JAK-STAT pathway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".