Diurnal Variation of Episcleral Venous Pressure in Healthy Patients: A Pilot Study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To study diurnal episcleral venous pressure (EVP) and its relation to intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy patients. The influences of supine position and lid closure on EVP were also studied. DESIGN: Experimental observational study. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Twelve healthy patients with no eye disease had their IOP and EVP measured at 16h00, 22h00, 22h30, 06h00, 06h30, 09h00, 12h00, and 16h00. Measurements at 22h30, 06h00, and 06h30 were performed on supine patients, and the measurement at 06h00 was with the eye that had been closed for the whole night. In a second experiment, EVP was measured on patients who were lying supine from 22h30 to 16h00 with one eye closed during the day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Episcleral venous pressure and IOP at varying time points during a 24-hour period. RESULTS: Episcleral venous pressure was relatively constant throughout the day except for a slight reduction at 22h00. After lying down, the EVP increased by 3.6 mm Hg and remained increased as long as the patient remained in this position. Eyelid closure did not affect EVP. IOP measured with the Tono-Pen closely followed the variations in EVP. CONCLUSION: Episcleral venous pressure remains relatively constant throughout the day. It increases in the supine position with a corresponding increase in IOP. Lid closure does not influence EVP or IOP.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it