Age-dependent onset of liver-specific IGF-I gene deficiency and its persistence in old age: implications for postnatal growth and insulin resistance in LID mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To explore the limitations of the liver-specific IGF-I gene-deficient (LID) model and to further evaluate the role of endocrine IGF-I in early postnatal life and old age, we have studied these mice during the prepubertal period (from birth to 3 wk of age) and when they are 2 yr old. During the first 2 wk of life, IGF-I gene deficiency and the resulting reduction in serum IGF-I levels in LID mice did not reach sufficiently low levels when mice experience the most rapid and growth hormone (GH)-independent growth. It suggests that the role of liver-derived IGF-I in prepubertal, GH-independent postnatal growth cannot be established. From our previous studies, liver IGF-I mRNA level was abolished in adult LID mice, which causes elevated GH level, insulin resistance, pancreatic islet enlargement, and hyperinsulinemia. Interestingly in 2-yr-old LID mice, although liver IGF-I mRNA and serum IGF-I levels were still suppressed, serum insulin and GH levels had returned to normal. Compared with same-sex control littermates, aged male LID mice had significantly reduced body weight and fat mass and exhibited normal insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, aged female LID mice exhibited normal weight and marginal resistance to insulin actions. The pancreatic islet percentage (reflecting islet cell mass) was also restored to normal levels in aged LID mice. Thus, although the IGF-I gene deficiency is well maintained into old age, the insulin sensitivity, islet enlargement, and hyperinsulinemia that occurred in young adult mice have been mostly restored to normal levels, further supporting the age-dependent and sexual dimorphic features of the LID mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".