Compact and reconfigurable fiber-based terahertz spectrometer at 1550 nm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we present a new compact and versatile spectrometer system operating at 1.55 μm for research and industrial application. The system is capable of testing solid, powder, thin film, gas, and liquid samples for material sensing and characterization applications. A high efficient system with bandwidth up to 1.2 THz is realized by using a fiber coupled terahertz chip packaging technology. The key components are the fiber-coupled THz transmitter and receiver modules, where the laser beam is directly coupled to the THz chip using optical fibers to provide stable and movable transmitter and receiver heads. The antennas are excited by 100 fs optical pulses at 1550 nm telecom wavelength and average power of 10mW. As femtosecond pulses are required on the antenna, the linear dispersion and nonlinear effect resulting from the propagation of the high power optical pulse along the fiber are taken into account and compensated using dispersion compensation fiber. A fast scan optical delay module is employed to realize real-time THz signal and spectrum measurement. The optical delay module also has a long delay scan unit to allow the user to adjust the distance between the transmitter and receiver heads by up to 1m to use the system for characterization of materials in different industrial applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".