Molecular comparisons of <i>Salsola tragus</i> from California and Ukraine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In California, the exotic invasive plant Salsola tragus L. (Russian thistle) has been found to consist of two genetic entities, types A and B. Type A, with chromosome number 2n = 36, was identified as S. tragus s.str., but type B, with 2n = 18, was not identical with Salsola species found elsewhere in the world. Plants of S. tragus from Ukraine were subjected to isoenzymic and DNA analyses to determine whether type B was found there and to compare S. tragus from Ukraine with that in California. In isoenzymic assays, plants from Ukraine exhibited patterns of aspartate aminotransferase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity after non-denaturing electrophoresis that were identical with those for S. tragus from California. No Ukrainian accessions had an isoenzymic pattern that resembled type B from California. DNA-based assays, using random amplified polymorphic DNA and inter-simple sequence repeat primers, indicated that all the Ukrainian accessions were similar to S. tragus type A from California and not to Californian type B. The area of origin of type B remains unknown, although it has recently been found to be widespread in southern Africa, where it is also believed to be an introduced species.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".