Influence of Reduced Neuromuscular Activity on the Development of Neonatal Rat Hindlimb Muscle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Normal ankle flexion and extension was inhibited in neonatal rats by applying an adhesive cast on the day of birth such that the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of one hindlimb was immobilized in a shortened position. Casts were changed daily for 3 weeks, at which time animals were sacrificed. Immobilized TA muscles were significantly lighter in weight, and whole muscle and teased fiber fascicular lengths were significantly shorter. No effects were seen on fiber diameter profiles, total muscle fiber number or muscle cross-sectional area. Immobilized TA muscles had significantly lower phosphofructokinase activities, and lower slow-twitch fibers than contralateral muscles. The mitochondrial enzyme succinic dehydrogenase was unaffected by the reduced activity. It is apparent that, in a developing fast-twitch muscle such as the TA, myofibrillar ATPase histochemical patterns and glycolytic enzyme activity (phosphofructokinase) may be regulated by factors dependent upon neuromuscular activity. Mitochondrial enzymes, such as succinic dehydrogenase, seem to be regulated during development by factors which are not as sensitive to activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".