Genetic Relationships among Selected Crested Wheatgrass Cultivars and Species Determined on the Basis of AFLP Markers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The crested wheatgrass complex ( Agropyron spp. Gaertn) consists of persistent, drought tolerant, tussock grasses, which originate from the steppes of central Asia and are of importance as range grasses on the Great Plains of North America. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to examine the interpopulation relationships and to compare variances within and among 12 populations from four Agropyron spp. [ Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn, Agropyron desertorum (Fisch ex Link) Schlut, Agropyron fragile (Roth) Candargy and Agropyron mongolicum Keng.] and two interspecific hybrid populations. Euclidean distances were calculated on the basis of marker polymorphism and a cluster analysis was performed on these populations. Fairway, Parkway, and S9240 grouped closely, and it is likely that these are the only true A. cristatum populations included in this study. Hycrest, CD‐II, and Kirk grouped loosely between A. cristatum and A. desertorum This confirms the hybrid nature of Hycrest and CD‐II but may indicate that Kirk is incorrectly classified as A. cristatum , but is rather a hybrid. Agropyron desertorum cv. Nordan clustered loosely between A. cristatum and A. mongolicum , which is in agreement with the suggestion that A. desertorum is an alloploid of A. cristatum and A. mongolicum The cultivars Vavilov, Douglas, and Ephraim clustered with A. desertorum An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was conducted on 15 individuals from six of the populations (Fairway, Parkway, S9240, Kirk, Hycrest, and Nordan). The majority (88%) of the AFLP variance was within populations, which was expected in these outcrossing populations; however, significant differences were still detected among all six populations. Relationships among the six genotypes were the same for the bulk and individual plant (AMOVA) analysis, suggesting that bulked samples can be used for phylogenic studies of different populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".