Management of sorafenib, sunitinib, and temsirolimus toxicity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the common and serious toxicities associated with the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib and sunitinib and mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus, and to outline the most recent toxicity management guidelines. RECENT FINDINGS: Common grade 3 or 4 side effects with sorafenib include lymphopenia (13%), hypophosphatemia (13%), elevated lipase (12%), hand-foot syndrome (6%), and mucositis/stomatitis (6%). Common grade 3 or 4 side effects with suntinib elevated lipase (16%), neutropenia (12%), lymphopenia (12%), hypertension (8%), and fatigue/asthenia (7%). As for temsirolimus, common grade 3 or 4 side effects consist of anemia (20%), hyperglycemia (11%), fatigue/asthenia (11%), dyspnea (9%), and hypophosphatemia (5%). Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is rare but occurred in sorafenib-exposed and sunitinb-exposed patients. Cardiovascular morbidity may also be observed in sorafenib-exposed and sunitinib-exposed patients. SUMMARY: Through preventive and therapeutic measures, these side effects can be effectively managed, without reducing the dose and, therefore, affecting the efficacy of the treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".