Long-Term Results of Microwave Thermotherapy for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To study the long-term outcomes of men with moderately severe symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who were treated with transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) with the Dornier Urowave machine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 220 patients (mean age 66.2 years) with clinical BPH, an American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Score of >or=13, and a peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) of <or=12 mL/sec were enrolled in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial. Sham and active treatments were conducted under local anesthesia as an outpatient procedure. Patients were followed up at 1 week and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Patients in the sham-treatment arm who still met the initial enrollment criteria were then offered active treatment. The 6-month interim analysis of the safety and efficacy of this treatment has been previously reported (Urology 1998;51:19). Patients were then followed at 6-month intervals out to 60 months after treatment. At our center, 34 men (mean age 64+/-6 years) continued on the recommended long-term follow-up protocol. RESULTS: Among the 34 men from our center initially entered in the study, 15 completed the entire 5-year follow-up. Four of the men available for follow-up at the 5-year mark were on alpha-blocker medication, and six men had required transurethral surgery for symptom relief. At 5 years, this cohort of patients maintained improvement in AUA Score (from 20.5+/-6.2 to 11.5+/-5.0; P<0.001) and Quality of Life score (from 3.7+/-1.3 to 1.9+/-1.0; P<0.001) but showed no significant improvement in Qmax (8.2+/-1.9 mL/sec to 8.4+/-4.3 mL/sec). At 5 years, 11 of the 15 patients available for review had not required additional therapy. CONCLUSIONS: While improvement in voiding symptoms and Quality of Life scores were maintained without the need for adjuvant treatment in approximately one third of men 5 years after TUMT, a significant number had required salvage therapies for symptom relief.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".