Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the opening of the Las Vegas Monorail, the first installation of an open standards based radio train control system is in operation. The architecture of the Las Vegas Monorail train control system will be presented, and the numerous benefits of this type of system as compared to conventional track circuit or inductive loop based control systems will be examined with an emphasis on flexibility, and cost reduction. Using the IEEE 802.3 open standard for LAN based communication, and the IEEE 802.11 standard for the wayside to carborne link, the installation in Las Vegas has proven the viability and benefits of basing a train control system on open standards. An analysis of the success of the first six months of operation will be presented. By specifying an IEEE 802.3 standard interface between the train control subsystems and the communication system and using the Internet Protocol as the basis for all messaging, the layered architecture of the train control system eliminates its dependence upon a specific radio technology. The benefits of this concept will be examined. The IEEE 802.11 radios in use today provide a significantly expanded communication bandwidth, as compared to previous generation APM control systems. The benefits this added bandwidth brings to train control applications will be examined. In addition, an analysis will be made of the available unused bandwidth in the train control network for other applications such as carborne and remote wayside CCTV, enhanced diagnostics, and passenger announcement applications. Additional APM projects under development, which are using this technology will be discussed, with an analysis of their differences from the Las Vegas monorail.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".