Physical and Mechanical Properties of High‐amylose Rice and Pea Starch Films as Affected by Relative Humidity and Plasticizer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The tensile properties, water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability at different relative humidities (RH), and water solubility of edible films made of high‐amylose rice starch (RS) or pea starch (PS) were measured and compared with the most commonly used edible films. Photomicrography of starch films shows amylopectin‐rich gels and amylose‐rich granules. The addition of glycerol into starch films made amylose‐rich granules swollen and continuously dispersed between amylopectin‐rich gels. Tensile strength of RS and PS films decreased when RH increased from 51% to 90%, whereas elongation‐at‐break (E) of both films increased when RH increased. Water vapor permeabilities of both films were similar, resulting in 130 to 150 g mm/m 2 /d /kPa. Oxygen permeability of RS and PS were very low (< 0.5 cm 3 μm/m 2 /d/kPa) below 40% RH, and 1.2 to 1.4 at 45% RH. Water solubility of PS film was 32.0%, which is lower than that of RS film (44.4%). Overall high‐amylose rice and pea starch films possess an excellent oxygen barrier property with extremely high stretchability.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".